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Heating
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Heating Oil
Industry Heating oil is an essential resource for
almost 10 million homes and businesses in the Northeast/Mid-Atlantic
region and the fuel of choice when homeowners themselves contract
for custom-built homes. Surprisingly, while 40 percent of the homes
in this region are heated with oil, it represents less than five
percent of our nation's total petroleum consumption, and less than
two percent of our total energy use. The heating oil industry
employs more than 160,000 skilled workers in about 5,000 small,
family-owned and highly competitive businesses throughout the
region. Today's heating oil equipment is highly efficient, clean
burning, and economical in relation to all other residential fuels.
Thus, the combination of high efficiency and
minimal exhaust of emissions are desirable traits of a home heating
fuel. Oil-fired equipment has always provided these features for
both heat and hot water.
These are many ways to compare heating system
efficiency. The most widely accepted measure is the U.S. Dept. of
Energy's Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE).
Using this benchmark, Oilheat gets excellent
ratings, Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency of new oil equipment
range from 83% to 94%.
Electric resistance heat has between 27% and
31% AFUE; air to air heat pumps between 51% and 62%; and geothermal
heat pumps 76% to 82% AFUE. Electric heat is inefficient because
nearly two-thirds of the heat value of the fuel is lost in the
generation and transmission. With Oilheat, you create usable heating
energy right at your house and distribute it throughout your home.
The price of energy in the region where you
live is the most dominant influence on total heating costs.
For example: The installed cost of an electric
heat system may look attractive, but when you calculate the annual
operating costs for electric power in particular, any first time
savings vanish.
For the past four years the cost for Oilheat
has been consistently lower than comparable natural gas costs. In
climate regions of the country where Oilheat is dominant, the cost
to a homeowner for utility supplied natural gas in 1995 can be as
much as 40% more than Oilheat! Energy analysts do not foresee that
the price advantage for Oilheat will diminish anytime soon.
The best way to compare energy prices is to
calculate the price per BTU, a unit of heating value, for each fuel.
Heating Oil contains 138,690 BTUs per
gallon.
Natural Gas has 100,000 BTUs per therm. It
takes 1.4 therms to equal the heat content of one gallon of
heating oil.
Kerosene has 131,890 BTUs per gallon; 1.05
gallons equals the heat content of one gallon of heating oil.
Propane has 91,500 BTUs per gallon; 1.52
gallons equals the heat of one gallon of heating oil.
Electricity has 3,413 BTUs per kilowatt
hour (kmh); 40.6 kwh equals the heat content of a gallon of
heating oil. Energy prices can vary widely across the
country. Your Oilheat dealer can provide you with the information to
accurately compare energy prices in your area.
Heating oil prices are 2.5 to 5.5 time lower
than electricity. Converting from electric to Oilheat can
substantially reduce energy costs.
Electric water heaters are very inefficient
(about 29% AFUE). The potential savings for converting an electric
water heater to an oil-fired unit range from $101 to $467 or more a
year depending on your electric utility's rates.
There are many old gas heaters operating at
less than 70% efficiency. In the majority of cases, converting to
efficient Oilheat would provide a very good payback.
Conversely, switching from Oilheat to gas does
not offer an attractive payback. In most cases it can take longer to
recover your investment than the life expectancy of the new gas
heater. Data from the Consumer Energy Council of America Research
Foundation showed that changing from oil to another fuel over the
last twelve years did not make economic sense; the cost of
conversion is highly unlikely to be recovered.
Should that situation arise, Oilheat offers
important safety advantages:
Heating oil is non-explosive. If a heating
oil leak should occur, it is not an explosive hazard. When
natural gas or propane leaks, an explosive mixture of air and
fuel forms rapidly.
Heating oil will not burn in a liquid
state. If you were to place a lit match into a vial of heating
oil, the match would be extinguished because heating oil in
liquid form is well below its flash point of 140¡F, the
temperature at which it begins to vaporize in order to fire
inside a burner. By contrast, natural gas and propane will burst
into flames when mixed with air if a match is struck in their
presence. Oilheat enables you to have a supply of fuel
oil stored safely on your property.
Do not worry about the weather, because the
oil in your tank is yours to use for heat and hot water whenever you
want.
By comparison, in extremely cold weather,
natural gas customers can be subject to pressure drops in the
pipelines. A severe pressure drop can result in total loss of heat.
Fuel oil is a liquid which is non
explosive.
Fuel oil will not cause a fire unless its
temperature is raised above 140 degrees F.
Risk of carbon monoxide exposure is lower
for fuel oil than for natural gas.
When an oil burner goes out of adjustment,
fuel oil is safer than gaseous fuels because SMOKE is generated
BEFORE carbon monoxide is released. back
to top Properly set and maintained oil and gas
burners produce very low, safe levels of CO as a normal part of the
combustion process. But should there be a malfunction, oil is the
safer fuel.
In the unlikely event an oil burner
malfunctions due to air restriction, smoke occurs before appreciable
amounts of CO develop. This serves as a warning signal. When gas
burners malfunction they produce potentially dangerous levels of CO
first, then smoke. It is difficult to tell that a gas burner is
creating CO simply by looking at it.
A high CO reading is often due to vent
blockage, flue pipe damage, heat exchanger cracks, and/or restricted
air supply into the house.. Homeowners should periodically have
heaters and gas appliances inspected and tested for carbon monoxide
levels and proper venting.
All homes should have smoke and CO detectors.
This efficiency advantage means that a typical
homeowner will use ten percent less oil than any other fuel and
still keep warm and comfortable.
Due in large part to advances in burner
technology, virtually all oil heat equipment sold during the past
several years had efficiency ratings higher than 80 percent
efficient. The vast majority of gas heating equipment units sold in
any given year, on the other hand, fail to meet the high efficiency
standards of oil heating equipment, according to the Gas Appliance
Manufacturers Association.
A substantial increase in conversions would
also cause problems for our energy delivery system. Oil refineries,
for example, would have to be reconfigured to reflect the reduced
demand for heating oil. Additionally, the increased demand for gas
would occur at a point when pipeline capacity is already fully
utilized, incremental costs are highest, and supply systems are
seasonally constrained. This peak demand would force the use of
marginal gas supplies such as propane or imported LNG - both of
which re more costly and highly volatile - or increase interruptions
to dual fuel industrial customers, thus straining the system at its
point of greatest demand. In summary, our local economies cannot
afford the $5 billion cost of a government-promoted oil to gas
conversion program. At best, the benefits are illusory; at worst, it
results in significant job losses and higher total energy use.
Oil heat offers a full range of
professional in-home services exclusive to oil heat companies.
This is an important advantage for the homeowner.
Oil heat is clean burning. Modern oil
burners produce negligible amounts of smoke and soot.
Oil heat equipment has always been more
advanced and many equipment innovations have been developed that
are revolutionizing oil heat technology.
Oil Furnaces 85% efficient
Gas Furnaces 77% efficient
Electric Heat 31% efficient
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